Electric-vehicle construction.



J. McL. KINGSBURY.

'LECTRIC VEHICLE CONSTRUCTION.

APPUCATION FILED IUNE I0 1915.

1,270,421 latcni'vd June 25, 1918.

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Aim:

3. McL. KINGSBURY. ELECTRIC VEHICLE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE |9|5. 1,270,421 Patented June 25, 191B.

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CIA 0.56m [$295 @iZZZ/{u/ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- JOHN MOLEAN KIN GSBURY. OF GREAT FALLS, MONTANA, ASSIGNOB '10 KIN GSB URY GAS-ELECTRIC MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF GREAT FALLS, MONTANA, A CORPO- RATION 0F MONTANA.

ELECTRIC-VEHICLE CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of letters Patent.

APPHGfltiOll filed June 10, 1915. Sertalfl'o. 33,301

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN McLean Knzosuum', a' citizen of the United States,

art has been the large gear ratio re uired between the driving motor and the riven wheel. One solution is to decrease the speed of the motor, but this decreases its power and if the motor is made larger, increased space is required. One object of my invention is to provide an mproved electrical driving structure in which la-r e gear-"ratios are eliminated. A further 0 ject is to provide amotor in which the peripheral speed of the armature with respect to the field is relatively hi h but in which the resulting drlving speed is relatively low. A further object is to provide a combined wheel and motor structure of improved construction.

According to my invention the two 006; crating motor elements, namely the field and the armature'rotate in opposite direction, the resulting driving spee eing the difl'erence between the two speeds. n order to secure the desired difl'crential action the field and the armature are geared together in any suitable manner so that the rotational effort exerted between the field and armature can be used as. tractive efforts to drive the vehicle. (In the particular structure which I I shall now describe my invention with: particular reference to the accompanying drawin which illustrate one embodiment in whic my invention may appear 7 F igure 1 is a side elevation w th parts broken away to reveal the interior construcmature 2. The field frame com rises an an- Fig. 1. .s a vertieal'diametrieal section.

nection.

F1g.'4 1s a rear elevation with parts broken awa Fig. 5 is a detail view and Fig. 6 is a view taken at right angles Fig. 5.

he motor which 'I have chosen to trate my invention is built into a. wheel. structure and comprises a rotating field. 1 (see Fig. 3) and an oppositely rotating arPIQ nular ring 3 of ironor soft stee havingthe polepieces 4 distributed at suitable positions?!) on the interior thereof and projecting adja cent the laminated ring 5 which formsitlie ma netie structure of the armature. The fiel frame 3 bears a plurality of studs orf spokes 6 which fit radia lly within the fell f] or rim member 7 which in turn bears a sin able tire 8, shown in the present case, as the well-known pneumatic tire. The spokes 6 around the side of the felly 7 so as to pre'- Patented June 25,1913.

Fig. 3' is a diagram of the electrical conp of the brush holdenf b0 vent disengagement of the parts sidewise."

The felly or rim 7 is revented from move-ff ment on the other si e by the well-known" CllpS or clamping blocks 8 which fare,

clamped against the side of the rim by bolts or the like. The field frame 3 is'suppoi ted bfi from the stationary axle 9 by' means of the plates or disks 10 and 11 upon the outside and the inside of the, wheel respectively." These disks are clamped to the frame 'ati their outer periphery andeach is provi'ded to with suitable bearin to allow 'the wlieel structure thus forme to rotate withres set to the stationary axle 9. Theouter'dis 101-;

is provided with-the hub 12" in which 111 mounted roller bearings 13 mounted directly upon the outer end of the axle 9. The? inner disk 11 is provided with roller beari '14 forming a suitable bearing upon a sleeve" member 15 which is itself mounted for moi: tion upon the stationary axle 9 by means of the bearings 16 and 17. The sleeve 15 which carries the bearings 16 and 17 upon the shaft 9 is fastened to the armature structure 5 by means of the spider 18. This sleeve 15 also carries the commutator bars 19 which are connected by the 'leads20 to the armature windin A plurality of suitable bru cs 21 bear too upon the commutator and provide suitable connections for energizing the armature winding. The brush holders 22 which support the brushes 21 are secured by suitable yoke members 23 to a spider frame 24 which has an outer annular rim member clamped between the outer disk 10 and the field frame 3. A

The yoke members 23 support a pair of collector rings, alternate ones of these brush holders 22 and brushes 21 being connected to one of said rings. The brushes and the collector rings 25 and 26 thus rotate together as the wheel rotates about the axle 9.

A plurality of brushes 27 and 28 bear upon the collector rings 25 and 26 respectively. These brushes are supported in suitable brush holders 29 fastened by a bracket to an annular casting 30 which is mounted upon the stationary axle 9. The axle 9 is preferably hollow so as to receive the condoctors 31 and 32 which are connected through suitable control devices to a storage battery or similar source of current.

The field windings 33 are connected in series, one terminal 34 being connected through the medium of the ring 35 to alternate ones of the brushes 21, the other field terminal 36 being connected to one of the collector rings 25 and 26, the other of which is connected to the remainder of the brushes 21.

It is to be understood of course that these connections may be varied to suit conditions, as for instance a number of multiple paths through the field may be provided and a 'greater or less number of paths through the armature may also be provided. Where a reversal of direction of driving is desired, the terminals of the field with respect to the armature, or vice versa, are reversed. This may be provided for by slip-ring connection and a suitable controller.

I shall now describe the manner in which the field .and armature are connected together to secure a suitable tractive effort at the rim of the wheel.

If thefield and armature were not con nected to ether butwere free to rotate in opposite irections the field being attached to the rim and tire of the wheel would start less easily and as a consequence the armature alone would spin. I provide a positive gearing between the field and armature such that the field is compelled to move upon movement of the armature. The sleeve 15 has secured thereto a spur gear 37 which rotates with the sleeve 15 and with the armature 2. The inner disk 11 which is secured to the field frame 3 is provided with an annular flange 38 which forms on its outer periphery a brake drum adapted to be engaged by a suitable brake band 39 and which has mounted on its inner periphery the internal gear 40 which is secured thereto and rotates therewith. A plurality of idler wheels 41 mesh w th the internal gear -10 and the spur gears 37 These idlers 41 are mounted upon suitable studs 42 forming part of a sta tionary frame element 43 which I have shown as a disk secured at its hub 44 to the stationary axle 9. The brake band 39 is socured to the frame member as by means of the bracket 45 in anv suitable, manner.

In Fig. 5 I have illustra wl or manner in which the centrifugal action of tllB brushes 21 may be counterbalanced. The brush 21 is held in its holder 22 by means of a spring 46 which is given the proper initial tension to secure good contact between the commutator and the brush 21. The spring 46 is secured to a rotatable pin 47 which is provided with a counterbalance arm 48 having an adjustable counterbalance 49 which may be set so as to counteract the centrifugal action upon the brush 21 as the parts rotate.

The operation of the mechanism will be readily understood from the foregoing dcscription. The field and armature are ener- ;:ized to roduce relative movement between them. T ie field is secured to the tire, which in-elfect forms a brake, the force exerted upon which tends to drive the vehicle. Movement of thefield and wheel in one direction is accompanied by movement of the armature in the opposite direction, butas the two parts are geared together the entire tractive elt'prt is delivered. at the rim of theacterized by smooth and silent-operation! While I have shown and described one specific embodiment of my invention, I do not intend to limited-to thedetails of construction shown and described herein but intend that all such modifications and variations as will suggest. themselves to those skilled in the art e considered as coming within the spirit and scope of my invention. i

I I What I claim as new and-deslre to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States is the following: 1

1. In com ination, a'motor field element, a

relatively stationary shaft, a rotatable slee've' mounted on said shaft 1. motor armature element secured to said' secured to said first motor ementfsaid disks having bearings concentric with said shaft, one of said bearings being upon said sleeve, a. central gear mounted on said sleeve and an internal gear mounted on one of said disks, a relativelyj stationary idle-i gear mesheeve, a air of disks" ing with said other gears, a stationary cow-r plate or disk for covering the side i i sa d gears, said idler gear having pivotal me u! 111g in said cover plate, a cylindrical flange extending from the ad jacent disk and incioe ing said gears, said flange forming a bra]: drum and a brake band secured to said cove plate or disk for retarding the motion of said motor .field element.

2. In combination, a rotatable motor field, a'rotatable armature cooperating therewith, a commutator, a spider secured to said field and rotatable therewith, a stationary shaft for said field and armature, ,a rod secured to but insulated from said spider, a. brush for said commutator, said brush being secured to said rod, a collector ring secured to said rod and rotating with said spider and field, a stationary brush mounted on said shaft and cooperating with said collector ring.

'3. In combination an annular field, a shaft, a sleeve having bearings upon said shaft, a pair of side plates for inclosing said field, Said plates having bearings uponthe sleeve and the shaft respectively, a gear socured to saidsleeve, said gear being concentric with said shaft, an internal 'gear secured to one of said side plates, said internal 4. in combination an annular field, a

shaft, a sleeve havin bearings upon said shaft, :1 pair of side pfiites for inclosing said field, said plates having bearings upon the sleeve and the shaft respectively, a gear secured to said sleeve, said ar bein concentrio with said shaft, a cy indrical ange on one of said plates, an internal gear secured to said plate within said flange, said internal gear being concentric with sald shafta plate for covering the side of said internal. gear,

said plate bein secured rigidly to said shaft, .a bearing stu secured to said plate, a con-' necting iearihaving a bearing on said stud and mes ing with said first. gear and said internal gear,'and a brake band for engaging said flange, said brake band being secured to said stationary plate.

In witness whereof, I hereunto -gubscribe my name this first day of June A. L 1915.

J. McLEAN KINGSBURY; 

